Unit- 5 (Debate- Criticizing and Expressing Degrees of Probability)- IX

Study Note

Unit- 5

Criticizing and Expressing Degrees of Probability

Reading- I

1. Enrich Your Vocabulary.

Some of the words and phrases used by the speakers have the following

meanings. Read the views of the different speakers above and write the

words/ phrases next to the meanings.

a.    contentment (Ajmera)- satisfaction

b.    make progress at the same rate (Uttar) – keep up

c.    a situation in which every activity has stopped (Uttar)- standstill

d.    love, appreciate and protect something (Chandra) – cherish

e.    connectedly and simultaneously (Bhim)- hand in hand

f.     far more eager to know or explore (Uttar 2) – inquisitive

2. Read, Match and Add.

Read the following views and compare them with what the speakers say.

a.    Uttar is of the opinion that- satisfaction eventually leads us to aimlessness.

b.    Ajmera - that success is not the ultimate goal of our life.

c.    Chandra opines- progress should be made for the cause of satisfaction.

d.    Bhim stresses that - strongly believes that both satisfaction and progress should go ahead side by side.

e.    I think - satisfaction and progress are equally important.

3. Read and Complete.

Read the debate once again and complete the sentences with appropriate words.

a.    Uttar keeps changing mobile sets.

b.    Ajmera advocates self-acceptance.

c.    Abraham Lincoln possessed both self-acceptance and a flare for progress.

d.    Our activities for progress should be heading towards satisfaction.

e.    Bhim doesn’t know whether self-satisfaction or progress comes first.

4. Read and Answer.

Read the debate once again and answer the questions given below.

a.    Why does Uttar always try to possess new things? Why does he suggest that we should not be self-satisfied?

Ans- Uttar always tries to possess new things to keep up with changing world. He suggests that we should not be self-satisfied because our self-acceptance can turn us into ambitionless mammals.

b.    What is a never- ending race according to Ajmera? How is it so?

Ans- Running after progress and prosperity is a never-ending race. It is so because the things which we possess now were once part of our progress and now we don’t value them, and urge for something else. This cycle continues in a never- ending race. 

c.    What does Bhim mean by saying “It seems to be a chicken and egg situation.”?

Ans- According to Bhim, a confusion in which it is impossible to say which of two things existed first and which caused the other one is chicken and egg situation.

d.    How is Chandra’s point of view different from that of Uttar or Ajmera?

Ans- Chandra’s point of view is different from that of Uttar or Ajmera as he opines every progress is made to achieve satisfaction.

e.    If you were one of the speakers, how would you express your thoughts?

Ans- I believe progress is important. The development of the world to this stage from the stone age has been possible only due to our desire for progress.

Reading- II

5. Enrich Your Vocabulary

Read the texts above, and choose the best alternative.

a.    The word ‘spoil’ as used in the sentence means ____.

ii. form bad effect on character/behaviour

b.    To generate jobs also means to ____ jobs.

ii. create

c.    Something that causes troubles is described as a ____.

iii. nuisance

d.    d. A proposal is ____ plan.

ii. proposed

e.    Wiliness is the cleverness at____.

ii. getting what one wants

6. Find and List Out

The people’s views above mainly convey the following four degrees of

probability. Find the sentences, and put them under the correct headings.

Degrees of probability Sentences expressing probability

a.    Something will certainly happen. - Children are bound to take money and go to cinema instead of school.

b.    Something may/might happen. - The proposed cinema may be a big nuisance for parents with low income.

c.    Something may/might not happen. - Our children may not give much time to their studies.

d.    Something certainly won’t happen. - You can’t prevent something that is taken as the sign of development.

b. Look at the situations below and say what the person should have/should not have done (been doing).

a.    The baby picked up the burning candle. Mother wasn’t watching the baby.

The baby’s hand was burnt. – Mother should have kept the candle beyond the baby’s reach.

b.    Paliska closed her eyes and ran down the steps. She fell down and sprained her leg. – She shouldn’t have closed her eyes and run down the steps.

c.    Chirikaji drove very fast. He collided with a stationary truck. – He should have  been driving carefully.

d.    Tembachhiri lost his glove. His hand was frost bitten. – He should have kept it in his bag.  

e.    Ruhi switched on the light with a wet hand. She got a bad shock. – She should have switched on the light after wiping her wet hands with a towel.