Social Studies Note for Grade X (Ongoing Development Projects in Nepal- Unit- 2)

Social Studies Note- Grade X

Lesson-2

Ongoing Development Projects in Nepal

Some Ongoing Development Projects in Nepal

1.    Project is a plan that is bound by the three major components: budget, time, and resources.

2.    Projects are goal oriented. A project is designed and launched in order to utilize available resources properly and achieve the designed goals.

3.    The plans and projects are different according to their bases and criteria. They can be categorized into following major types:

a.    Based on location: local, districts, provincial, national and international

b.    Based on time: Short term project, long term project.

c.    Based on fund: Big project, small project.

4.    There are 455 projects running in Nepal, among them 21 projects are regarded as national pride and these are enlisted in national priority projects.

Projects of National Pride of Nepal:

1.    Sikta Irrigation Project

2.    Babai Irrigation Project

3.    Bheri Babai Diversion Multi -Purpose Project

4.    Ranijamara Kulariya Irrigation Project

5.    Budhi Gandaki Hydro Project

6.    Upper Tamakoshi Hydro Project

7.    West Seti Hydro Project

8.    Kathmandu – Terai Fast Track

9.    North-South Karnali Highway

10. North- South Kaligandaki Highway

11. North – South Koshi Highway

12. Pushpalal Mid-Hill Highway

Upper Tamakoshi Hydro Project

a.    The main objective of this project is to reduce the load-shedding problem from the country.

b.    The construction site is in Lamabagar VDC of Dolakha on the Tamakoshi River.

c.    When this project is accomplished, it will be the largest hydro power project in Nepal.

d.    This project is completely financed by the domestic financial institutions and companies.

e.    456 MW electricity is expected to be generated from this project.

f.     This project was started in 2063 B.S. (2008) and expected to be accomplished by 2072 B.S. (2016) but due to earthquake and economic blockade its deadline is getting postponed.

Budhi Gandaki Hydro Project

a.    The main objective of this project is to solve the chronic problem of power shortage in the country.

b.    The development site is along the border of Dhading and Gorkha districts.

c.    This is reservoir type of hydropower and the capacity is 1200 MW.

d.    The reservoir of the project will be 48 km long and 263 m high and will spread over an area of 63sq. km.

e.    The water pooled in this huge reserve capacity pond can be used to generate electricity during dry seasons.

f.     The estimated cost to reach over Rs. 205 billion.

g.    The funding of this project is made by various financial institutions such as the World Bank, ADB, international financial agencies.

h.    This project will be very important to transform the whole country.

i.      This project has been expected to be accomplished by 8 years from its initiation.

President Chure Conservation Programme

a.    The main objective of this project is to protect the lower hilly region from denudation and landslide at the chure area.

b.    The series of low hills steeply rising from the Terai plain to its north from Ilam in the east to Kanchanpur in the west is known as Chure or Siwalik at the altitude from 200-2100 m from the sea level.

c.    This range is extensively covered with dense sub-tropical forest.

d.    The geological structure of this low land is fragile as it is made of loose sandy gravel soil.

e.    Chure range covers about 12.7870 of the total area or Nepal and 60% of the total population of the country.

f.     Because of high population pressure this region is being heavily destroyed.

g.    This region is considered vulnerable to natural disasters such as landslides, soil erosions, flood and climate change impacts.

h.    Mining and excavation of construction materials such as sand, pebbles etc. from the base of these hills and rivers have threatened the sustainability of the whole area.

i.      In order to solve this problem, government of Nepal has launched the President Chure Conservation Programme and enlisted into the national priority project.

j.      The main objective of this project is to conserve the forest area.

k.    The program was first launched in F/Y 2067/2068 and declared a national pride project in F/Y 2070 / 71.

Pushpalal (Mid-Hill) Highway

a.    In order to uplift the socio-economic development of hilly and mountain regions, government started the construction of highway parallel to Mahendra hghway.

b.    This project was launched in F/Y 2064/65 with the domestic funding of Nepal.

c.    The eastern point of highway begins from Chiyo Bhanjyang of Panchthar and the western point is Jhulaghat of Baitadi.

d.    The highway connects 215 villages of 23 districts of hilly region.

e.    Government has planned to establish 10 model cities, estimating to reduce the migration form hill to terai, along the highway: Phidim (Panchthar) Basantapur (Terhathum), Khurkot (Sindhuli), Galchi-Bairani (Dhading), Dumre Bhansar (Tanahun), Burtibang (Baglung), Rakam Karnali (Dailekh), Sanfebagar (Achham), and Patan (Baitadi).

f.     The project provides market for agricultural, mineral and forest products of hills and mountain.

g.    The estimated cost of the project is 3337 Crore rupees.

h.    The construction of the project is expected to be completed by the end of F/Y 2074 / 75. About 99 % of the budget and construction has met the target.

Melamchi Drinking Water Project

a.    This is the project which is supposed to bring water from the Melamchi river of Sindhupalchok district situated to the north of Kathmandu by laying down 27. 5km pipeline through the tunnel to Kathmandu.

b.    This project aims to distribute 17 crore litre of water daily in Kathmandu valley.

c.    After completion of the project, it fulfils the chronic scarcity of drinking water in the Kathmandu Valley.

d.    This project was previously expected to finish up to 2016 but due to earthquake and border obstacle it could not complete in time.

Very Short Answer Question

1.    Name any two national pride projects of Nepal declared in 2017.

Ans: Any two national pride projects of Nepal declared in 2017 are:

a.  Pokhara International Airport

b.  Mid-Hill Highway (Pushpalal Highway)

2.    How do the national pride projects contribute in the national development?

Ans: The national pride projects are of nationally prioritized projects declared by the government which benefits the whole country’s population uplifting economic, social and political status as well as utilizing the local resources.

3.    What is the meaning of development project? Write in a sentence.

Ans- Development project is a planned -activities carried out for development of certain area or country as a whole.

4.    How many model cities are going to be developed along the Mid-Hill Highway?

Ans- There are ten model cities that are going to b3e developed along the Mid-Hill Highway. Two of them are:

a.    Basantapur

b.    Sanfebagar

5.    What would be the role of Pokhara International Airport in the national development process? Write in a sentence.

Ans- It will help to increase an easy international access to Nepal and help to develop tourism industry of Nepal.

6.    What kind of projects are necessary for the development of our country? Write in two points.

Ans- The projects necessary for the development of our country are:

a.    Agricultural projects are necessary for reducing the unemployment rates.

b.    Educational and skill training projects are also necessary for the youths in order to increase the capability.

7.    What is meant by national pride project?

Ans- The development project work which significantly influences the national development is known as national pride project.

8.    What types of development project is needed to solve the problem of your locality?

Ans- My locality has high prospective of fisheries, so development project on modern techniques of keeping fishes is needed to open the door of economic prosperity of my locality.

9.    What are the infrastructures of development projects? List them.

Ans- There can be several infrastructures of projects. Some of them are listed below:

a.    Technical Human Resources

b.    Capital

c.    Natural Resources

d.    Local Participation

10. What role should local government play to complete mid-hill highway in scheduled time? Write in a sentence.

Ans- The local people should actively supervise the construction sites to complete the project in time.

11. What should be done for the success of project of national pride? Write in a point.

Ans- For the success of project of national pride all citizens and government should take initiation to launch them from their side financially, physically and morally.