NEB Grade XI Compulsory English Note | Language Development | Unit- 9 Inauguration Speech of Nelson Mandela Part 1

Unit: 9

Democracy and Human Rights

Inauguration Speech of Nelson Mandela

Ways with words

A. Find the words in the text that mean the same as the following. The first letters are given.

a. the system that completely separated black people from white people (a .........)

...
Answer:
apartheid

b. formal objection (p.........)

...
Answer:
protest

c. an ethnical group of people (t........)

...
Answer:
tribe

d. an act undertaken to achieve a set goal (c .........)

...
Answer:
campaign

e. the formal beginning of any movement (i ........)

...
Answer:
inauguration

f. a strong feeling of excitement and happiness (e ..........)

...
Answer:
exhilaration

g. being set free from legal, social, or political restrictions (e ............)

...
Answer:
emancipation

B. Find these words in a dictionary and write their meanings as they are used in the text.

a. liberty

...
Answer:
the state of being free to live as you choose without too many restrictions from government or authority

b. conflict

...
Answer:
a serious disagreement between / among people or groups with opposing opinions or principles

c. ideology

...
Answer:
a set of beliefs that an economic or political system is based on

d. oppression

...
Answer:
cruel and unfair treatment of authority or power

e. privilege

...
Answer:
something that are proud and lucky to have the opportunity to do

f. dignity

...
Answer:
the fact of being worthy of honor and respect

g. surrender

...
Answer:
to give up control of something when you are forced to

h. reconciliation

...
Answer:
the restoration of a good relationship

C. The 'd' or 'ed' in the following verbs have different pronunciation. Put these verbs in the correct box.

[asked, killed, missed, ended, decided, washed, visited, lasted, watched, picked, smiled, fixed, walked, blessed, brushed, stopped, wanted, reached, laughed, enjoyed]

/t/	/d/	/ɪd/
asked, missed, washed, watched, picked, fixed, walked, blessed (v), brushed, stopped, reached, laughed	killed, smiled	ended, decided, visited, lasted, blessed (adj), wanted, enjoyed

D. Put these nouns into the correct box according to the pronunciation of the plural suffix: s/es.

[cats, dogs, horses, houses, books, roofs, boys, rooms, girls, noises, shops, trees, pages, babies, benches, classes]

/s/	/z/	/ɪz/
cats, books, roofs, shops	dogs, boys, rooms, girls, trees,	horses, houses, noises, pages, babies, benches, classes

Comprehension

Answer these questions.

a. What were the restrictions imposed on the Blacks in South Africa?

...
Answer:
Racial segregation, and political and economic discrimination were the restrictions imposed on the Blacks in South Africa.

b. Why was Mandela arrested?

...
Answer:
Mandela was arrested because he was charged with organizing an armed wing of the ANC.

c. How did he describe racism and racial oppression?

...
Answer:
He described racism and racial oppression as the pernicious ideology and practice.

d. Why did he thank all the international guests?

...
Answer:
He thanked all the international guests for having come to take possession with the people of his country of what is a common victory for justice, for peace and for human dignity.

e. Why did he think that people in his country had achieved political emancipation?

...
Answer:
He thought that people in his country had achieved political emancipation to liberate themselves from the continuing bondage of poverty, deprivation, suffering, gender and other discrimination.

e. What is the main point of Mandela's speech?

...
Answer:
The main point of Mandela’s speech is that people of South Africa should build a society where there will be justice, peace, rights, and equality for all people.

Go to Part 2