Class 8 English Solution New Course | Unit 11 Sir Isaac Newton-I

Unit 11

Reading I

Sir Isaac Newton

A. Match the words in column A with their meanings in column B.

a. apology - x. saying sorry

b. absent-minded- i. forgetful

c. couch- ix. sofa

d. curved- viii. a bent line; not a straight line

e. dull- vii. lacking interest or excitement

f. gravity- v. the force of attraction

g. host- iv. a person who receives other people as guests

h. interrupted-iii. made something discontinue

i. puzzled- ii. unable to understand; confused

j. wonder- vi. a feeling of amazement and admiration

B. Choose the correct words/phrases from the box to complete the following sentences.

[gravitation, absent-mindedness, interrupted, couch, telescopes, curved, dull, hosted, tired of]

a. The construction work got ...interrupted.. because of the heavy rain.

b. Newton used curved mirrors in..telescopes... instead of lenses.

c. My grandmother keeps forgetting things. She is suffering from ...absent-mindedness...

d. Anisha came into my room and sat on the .....couch....

e. Please draw a ..curved... line on the white board, not a straight one.

f. Particles are attracted to each other by .......gravitation.....

g. Newton was a ..dull....boy in his childhood.

h. My friend ....hosted...a birthday party yesterday.

i. I got ....tired...of... working the whole day. I want to rest for some time.

C. Read the text again and write whether the following statements are True or False.

a. Sir Isaac Newton's father was a lawyer.

False

b. Newton received his father's affection during his childhood.

False

c. In the beginning, Newton was not good at his studies.

True

d. The fallen apple helped Newton develop the theory of gravitation.

True

e. Newton's mind always remained full of problems and thoughts.

True

f. He lived with his wife and children in his later years.

False

D. Answer these questions.

a. How was Newton in his studies in the early life?

In his early life, Newton was not good at his studies. He was considered a dull boy.

b. Which subjects did Newton study at Cambridge University?

Newton studied mathematics and science at Cambridge University.

c. What changes did Newton make to telescopes?

Newton made changes to telescopes by using curved mirrors instead of lenses. This gave better results in some ways.

d. Why do you think Newton forgot his food and friends at times?

I think Newton forgot his food and friends at times because he was always thinking about his work. He was a very intelligent man and he was always trying to solve problems. He was so focused on his work that he sometimes forgot about the things that were happening around him.

E. Find some other discoveries Newton has made.

Here are some other discoveries that Newton made:

The laws of motion: Newton's three laws of motion are the foundation of classical mechanics.

They describe the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration.

The theory of gravitation: Newton's theory of gravitation describes the force that attracts all objects in the universe to each other.

Calculus is a powerful mathematical tool that is used in many different fields, including physics, engineering, and economics.

The composition of white light: Newton discovered that white light is actually a mixture of all the colors of the rainbow.

The reflecting telescope: Newton invented the reflecting telescope, which uses curved mirrors to collect light.

Reflecting telescopes are more powerful than refracting telescopes, which use lenses to collect light.

Grammar I

B. Complete the following sentences with the correct relative pronouns — who, where, whose, which, that, and when.

a. The couple...who..live next door has six grandchildren.

b. The house, ...which... is painted in red, is mine.

c. The woman house....which... was broken into called the police.

d. The car .....which.... my uncle bought is quite comfortable.

e. This is the school ..where..I study now.

f. This is the place...where..I was born and brought up.

g. My uncle,...who... is in the army came to see us.

h. We have a friend...who..plays the Madal well.

i. Is there anything , ...which..I can do to help you?

j. She remembered the day ..when.... she met her husband for the first time.

C. Join the following pairs of sentences using suitable relative pronouns.

a. We know the woman. She donated this money.

We know the woman who donated this money.

b. We walked past my old school. It is celebrating its 50th anniversary this month.

We walked past my old school which is celebrating its 50th anniversary this month.

c. I met the woman yesterday. I had helped her last month.

I met the woman yesterday whom I had helped last month.

d. A new headteacher is going to be appointed next month. It is good.

A new headteacher is going to be appointed next month which is good.

e. Bring me the file. The file is on the table.

Bring me the file which is on the table.

f. This is the player. The committee appointed him the captain.

This the player whom the committee appointed the captain.

g. We met a girl. The girl has lost her way.

We met a girl who has lost her way.

h. This is the house. Naresh built it.

This is the house which Naresh built.

i. Mandy is the girl. I am using her car today.

Mandy is the girl whose car I am using today.

Writing I

Study the information below about Pasang Lhamu Sherpa; the first Nepali woman to scale Mt. Everest. Write a short biography of her based on the given information.

Pasang Lhamu Sherpa

Pasang Lhamu Sherpa was born on December 16, 1961, in Solukhumbu, Nepal. She grew up in a mountaineering family and started climbing mountains in her teens. At the age of 17, she went to Kathmandu with her husband, Lhakpa Sonam Sherpa, and together they owned a travel agency.

In 1989, Pasang Lhamu Sherpa made her first attempt to climb Mount Everest, but she was unable to reach the summit. She did, however, climb Mount Pisang (6091m) and Mount Blanc (4848m). In 1991, she made two more attempts to climb Mount Everest, but she was only able to reach 8750m and 8500m respectively.

On April 22, 1993, Pasang Lhamu Sherpa finally reached the summit of Mount Everest. She was the first Nepali woman to do so. However, she died on the way down due to bad weather. She was 31 years old.

Pasang Lhamu Sherpa is a national hero in Nepal. She is an inspiration to women all over the world. In her honor, a highway and a mountain have been named after her. She is also the subject of a documentary film, "Pasang Lhamu: The First Sherpa Woman on Everest.